Who Was Jesus of Nazareth?

Few can say that they have never heard of Jesus Christ. In a 2010 TIME Magazine article entitled, "Who's Biggest? The 100 Most Significant Figures in History" (in which the authors attempted to rank "historical figures just as Google ranks web pages"), Jesus came out first¹ . Loved or hated, the name of Jesus Christ is a "household name," and has been for centuries. Everybody's heard of Jesus.

But hearing about someone and knowing who that someone is are very different things.

So many people say so many different things about Jesus Christ. But what's the real story? Who was Jesus of Nazareth, really? A good teacher? A moral visionary? A revolutionary? Or something else altogether? What's the truth? Well, the truth is out there, and in this case, we can get it straight from the source.

This pamphlet shares Jesus' answer to the question of who he was. In doing so, it points us to those accounts of his life that have stood the test of time, as well as the scrutiny of skeptics: the New Testament books of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. It's not within the purview of this pamphlet to defend the reliability of these "gospel accounts"—that has been done elsewhere. But honest inquiry will reveal that the historical claims of the gospels have already been thoroughly investigated and vindicated by both scholars and researchers² . Therefore, we confidently turn to these records of Jesus' life to hear him tell us who he was. And his answer may surprise you. It may even change your life.

Some have asserted over the years that Jesus never claimed to be "the Son of God," that it was others who claimed this for him. But Jesus tells us differently. On one occasion, after being informed of what the crowds were saying about him, he asked his disciples, "But who do you say that I am?" Simon Peter answered, "You are the Christ, the Son of the living God." Jesus' response to this? "Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah, for flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but My Father who is in heaven" (Matthew 16:15-16). A ringing endorsement. On another occasion, when Jesus was speaking to a Jewish gathering in Jerusalem, he referred to God as "My Father." At this, his unbelieving hearers prepared to stone him for what they considered to be his sin of blasphemy (speaking words that denigrate or defame God). Jesus responded to them by asking, "[D]o you say of Him whom the Father sanctified and sent into the world, 'You are blaspheming,' because I said, 'I am the Son of God'?" (John 10:36). He had said it. They just didn't believe it. Yet again, the night before his crucifixion, Jesus stood before the Jewish high priest and was asked directly, "Are you the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?" His answer was unequivocal: "I am" (Mark 14:61-62).

So Jesus said that he was the Son of God. But what did he mean by it? To answer that we must consult the Old Testament, the collection of ancient, prophetic writings that shaped the Jews' faith. There, we find this prophecy: "Behold the virgin shall conceive and bear a Son, and shall his name Immanuel [literally, God with us]" (Isaiah 7:14). We also find this prediction: "For unto us a Child is born, unto us a Son is given; and the government will be upon His shoulder. And His name will be called Wonderful, Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace" (Isaiah 9:6). These prophecies, uttered over 700 years before Jesus was born, forecast that a "Son" would one day appear, a man who had been miraculously born of a virgin (he would, therefore, be the son of a woman, but not of a man—God would be his father). They also stated that this Son would actually be God in human form! ("God with us" "Mighty God") When Jesus claimed that he was the Son of God, he was saying he was the fulfillment of these prophecies.

Jesus was making the amazing claim that he was God in human form...and the Jews did not miss his meaning. As they were preparing to stone him in the aforementioned instance for his supposed blasphemy, they said to him, "For a good work we do not stone You, but for blasphemy, and because you, being a man, make Yourself God" (John 10:33). On another occasion, when Jesus had again called God "My Father," we read: "Therefore the Jews sought all the more to kill Him, because He not only broke the Sabbath, but also said that God was His Father, making Himself equal with God" (John 5:18). One must be a human to be equal with a human, and one must be God to be equal with God. Jesus was, in terms clear to his audience, claiming to be Divine ("God" in the sense that he is part of "the Trinity"—three in one). Amazing, but true. And this claim was emphasized by other actions of his.

Jesus said and did several things that make sense only in the context of him being God. For example, he referred to himself as "I AM," a designation of eternal, self-sufficient existence that God used of himself when speaking to Moses at the burning bush (Exodus 3:14; John 8:58). Jesus also allowed people to worship him. Eight times, the gospel accounts record him accepting worship (Matthew 8:2; 9:18; 14:33; 15:25; 28:17; Mark 5:6; Luke 24:52; John 9:38). This is very significant, since both he and those worshipping him believed that worship is only for God. The Old Testament taught, and Jesus himself had said, "You shall worship the LORD your God and Him only you shall serve" (Matthew 4:10). Furthermore, Jesus forgave people of their sins—sins they had committed against God. Only the offended can forgive the offender. Those who overheard him doing this understood the significance of his action; they said to one another: "Who can forgive sins but God alone?" (Mark 2:7). Finally, Jesus said that he pre-dated the world, a claim that only God, who made the world, can make: "And now, O Father, glorify Me together with Yourself, with the glory I had with You before the world was" (John 17:5).

Jesus' words and works cried out who he was—"God...manifested in the flesh" (1 Timothy 3:16), the prophesied "Son of God." And in revealing his identity, Jesus also revealed his authority. For Jesus, the Son of God, has the Divine right to tell us what God requires of us. And he did.

This may be one of the most controversial statements Jesus ever made. Not because it's hard to understand, but because it's hard to swallow. Our culture teaches that there are many paths to God, that what's "true" for one person doesn't have to be "true" for another, that we can just choose the way we like best, and access our preferred highway to heaven. But Jesus' words teach us something very different: "I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through Me" (John 14:6). To a world that is seeking to be ever more inclusive, Jesus tells us he is actually exclusive. He promises that anyone who is willing may come to God ("If anyone enters by Me, he will be saved..."³ ), but that he alone is the way. In another passage, he puts it this way: "I am the vine, you are the branches. He who abides in me, and I in him, bears much fruit; for without Me you can do nothing. If anyone does not abide in Me, he is cast out as a branch and is withered; and they gather them into the fire, and they are burned" (John 15:5, 6). So not only is Jesus the Son of God, but he has told us that he is also the sole savior of the human race!

These two realities probably help explain why Jesus' name is the best known in the world. God does not come to earth with the only blueprint for salvation and it go unnoticed.

The Divine Son of God and Savior of humanity came into the world 2,000 years ago. He lived among his creation for about 30 years (Luke 3:23), never committed a sin (Hebrews 4:14, 15), voluntarily died as an atoning sacrifice for our sins (John 19; John 1:29), rose from the dead three days later (John 20-21), and then returned to heaven to be with the Father (John 16:16; Luke 24:51). What an amazing reality! And the best news of all? He has left us a sure way to follow him there.

We have heard what Jesus has to say. What do you say?

ENDNOTES

1. http://ideas.time.com/2013/12/10/whos-biggest- the-100-most-significant-figures-in-history/
2. Cold-Case Christianity, by J. Warner Wallace The Case for Christ, by Lee Strobel The Historical Reliability of the Gospels, by Craig L. Blomberg The Historical Jesus: Ancient Evidence for the Life of Christ, by Gary R. Habermas
3. John 10:9
4. John 8:12
5. John 12:48